12.10 a color-blind man marries a woman nf normal vision. they have sons and daugh- ters, all of normal vision and all of whom marry persons of normal vision. w

Priya sarda

Colour blindness is a hereditary disease which means it is passed from one generation to the other. Its inheritance is related to one of the allosomes or sex chromosomes. It gets expressed only in homozygous condition. When a cross between a color-blind man and a woman with normal sight who has no family history of color blindness is done then the progeny will have four children – two daughters and two sons. The genotype of color-blind man is XcYXcY The genotype of a normal woman will be XX The two sons will be normal and pure and the two daughters will be carriers as shown below. Assuming that all the F1 progeny from the above cross marry only normal individuals with no genes for color-blindness we can say that in the next generation, the progeny of all their sons will be normal as the wife is not a carrier of color-blindness. Therefore 0% of grandsons will be colorblind. For their carrier daughters -If they marry a normal man then 50% of their grandson or 25% of grandchildren will become color-blind. This can easily be understood by the following cross. Therefore for the case of carrier daughters, only 25% of their children will be colorblind. Which also means 50% of grandsons will be colorblind. Therefore the following calculations can be made: If the total number of grandsons from four crosses of F1 progeny where each member of F1 mates with a normal person is 8, then out of these 8 only two grandsons will be color blind. These genes come from the carrier mother of the F1 generation. So we can see that the probability of the grandsons who are color-blind will be2828 or1414 which is 0.25. So, the correct answer is, ’0.25.’