Explain deductive fallacy , inductive fallacy , abductive fallacy , informal fallacy along with 2 examples of each

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Informal Fallacy - originates in an error in content of logical form. - Arguments containing informal fallacy may be formally valid but still fallacious. E.g. When you ask your parents about your math exam marks and you talk about how today's weather is. (Red Herring under Informal Fallacy types) Cutting people with knife is a crime (1) Surgeon cut the people with knife (2) Therefore surgeons are criminals (Conclusion) ( An accident fallacy) Deductive Fallacy - a flaw in the structure of a deductive argument which renders the argument invalid. E.g. The rooster crowd at 5am and the sun rises at 5 am, therefore, the rooster makes the sun rise All dogs have legs Tiny is a dog Therefore tinyis a leg Inductive Fallacy - Occurs when situations being compared are not similar enough with a false cause. - Eg :I once ment a Harvard Professor who was very cold and arrogant. Therefore all Harvard professors are cold and arrogant If you stare into a mirror for too long the mirror will capture your soul. Abductive Fallacy - occurs when a best in field fallacy is committed and presented as a deduction. E.g. If it rains grass can get wet. Whenever grass is wet it is due to rain. - a false conclusion The grass may be set due to dew too.