‘Formal operational stage’ of cognitive development in Piaget’s view will correspond to which stage of education in India ?

Eduncle Best Answer

‘Formal operational stage’ of cognitive development in Piaget’s view will correspond to secondary education in India. Piaget proposed four stages of cognitive development: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational.
        Sensorimotor Stage (birth to about 2 years of age): Infants construct an understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences with physical, motoric actions. There are six substages:
        Simple reflexes—Piaget’s first sensorimotor substage corresponds to the first month after birth. The basic means of coordinating sensation and action is through reflexive behaviors, such as rooting and sucking, which infants have at birth.
        First habits and primary circular reactions—the infant coordinates sensation with habits and primary circular reactions. (1 to 4 months of age)
        Habit: A scheme based on a reflex that has become completely separated from its eliciting stimulus.
        Circular reaction: A repetitive action.
        Primary circular reaction: A scheme based on the attempt to reproduce an event that initially occurred by chance.
        Secondary circular reactions
        Piaget’s third sensorimotor substage develops between 4 and 8 months of age. Infants become more object-oriented or focused on the world, moving beyond preoccupation with the self.