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Nilanjan Bhowmick AIR 3, CSIR NET (Earth Science)
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- Chemical Sciences
Give reaction mechanism for synthesis of hemoglobin from pyrrole derivatives
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Dinesh khalmaniya 1![best-answer]()
Biosynthesis of Heme Heme synthesis is described in eight steps. Glycine and succinyl-CoA are the starting materials; succinyl-CoA is an intermediate of the Krebs cycle, and glycine can be derived from the diet or from serine. The first step in heme synthesis is catalyzed by aminolevulinic acid synthase, a vitamin B6-requiring enzyme. The second step is catalyzed by aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, a zinc metalloenzyme. The third step results in polymerization of four pyrrole units. The structure of the pyrrole ring is shown in Figure 10.31. The fourth step involves cyclization of the tetrapyrrole structure to form a large ring, the porphyrin ring. This is followed by modification of the ring by decarboxylations and oxidations. The final step involves insertion of ferrous iron into protoporphyrin IX to form heme. Protoporphyrin IX is apo-heme. All of the steps are shown in Figure 10.32. The heme biosynthetic pathway is distinguished by the fact that the first and final three steps take place in the mitochondrion. The intermediate steps take place in the cytosol.