Bishal Paul posted an Question
April 10, 2021 • 03:39 am 30 points
  • CSIR NET
  • Life Sciences

Please explain the role of chromatin in gene expression with proper illustration or diagram

Short note on: Role of chromatin in gene expression with proper illustration or diagram

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    Krishan k jakhad best-answer

    In human cells, DNA is organized with the aid of small basic proteins, histones, to form chromatin. The nucleosome, comprising 147 base pairs of DNA and 2 copies each of histones H2a, H2b, H3 and H4, is the fundamental organizing principle of chromatin. It is this architecture that is the substrate for epigenetic regulation. Biological processes have to overcome this inherently repressive structure and do so with the aid of two classes of enzymes. The first class disrupts chromatin structure using ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling, and the second class mediates the covalent modification of histone proteins. These enzymes and their activities often are altered in cancer cells, thus becoming important targets for novel therapeutics.

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