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Nidhi taparia Best Answer
The correct answer is d. Option a. is not right because in the theory of cost curves, we consider returns to a factor and not returns to scale. Option b. is incorrect because if law of increasing returns would operate, costs would in fact fall. In an L-shaped cost curve, costs are constant for a considerable period of time. Option c. seems to be correct but in comparison to option d. it is not right. This is because as a matter of fact economists agree thar constant returns to factor are not a very realistic phenomena. When an L-shaped cost curve is observed, it is understood that the firm is only delaying diminishing returns and not averting them altogether. Ultimately, a factor of production will experience diminishing returns.