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Eduncle posted an MCQ
October 19, 2019 • 21:20 pm 0 points
  • CSIR NET
  • Life Sciences

Two classes of genes - proto-oncogene and tumor suppressor gene usually contribute to the development of cancer. Following are some of the statements regarding

Two classes of genes - proto-oncogene and tumor suppressor gene usually contribute to the development of cancer. Following are some of the statements regarding both the genes. (a) Proto-oncogenes result in the development of cancer by gain-of- function mutation whereas tumor suppressor gene leads to cancer development by loss-of-function mutation. (b) Proto-oncogenes result in development of cancer by loss-of- function mutation whereas tumor suppressor gene leads to cancer development by gain-of-function mutation. (c) Mutation in both the alleles of a proto-oncogene is required for induction of cancer whereas mutation in one of the two alleles in tumor suppressor gene is sufficient for promoting tumorigenesis. (d) Mutation in one of the two alleles in proto-oncogene is sufficient for induction of cancer whereas mutation in both the alleles of a tumor suppressor gene is required for promoting tumorigenesis. Which combinations of the above statements are true for both the genes ?

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    Eduncle Best Answer

    Proto-oncogenes (e.g., ras) and tumor-suppressor genes (e.g., APC) — play a key role in cancer induction. These genes encode many kinds of proteins that help control cell growth and proliferation; mutations in these genes can contribute to the development of cancer.
    “Conversion of a proto-oncogene into an oncogene, also called activation, generally involves a gain-of-function mutation. Tumor-suppressor genes generally encode proteins that in one way or another inhibit cell proliferation. Loss-of function mutations in one or more of these proliferation inhibitory proteins contribute to the development of many cancers.
    Mutation in one of the two alleles in proto-oncogene is sufficient for induction of cancer whereas mutation in both the alleles of a tumor suppressor gene is required for promoting tumorigenesis.  Tumorigenesis-Production of a new tumor or tumors. (oncology) The process involved in the production of a new tumor or tumors.

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