UGC NET
   Top Resources
profile-img
Eduncle posted an MCQ
October 17, 2019 • 18:00 pm 0 points
  • UGC NET
  • Library and Information Science

Which of the following theories are related to motivation of employees

Which of the following theories are related to motivation of employees (a) Theory Z of the Japanese style of Management propounded by William Ouchi (b) Theory X and Theory Y of Douglas McGregar (c) Max Weber s Theory of Bureaucratic Management (d) Maslow's hierarchy of Needs Theory

Choose Your Answer:
1 Attempts Submit Now
  • 0 Likes
  • 2 Comments
  • 0 Shares
  • comment-profile-img>
    Eduncle Best Answer

    Theory Z is a name for various theories of human motivation built on Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y. Theories X, Y and various versions of Z have been used in human resource management, organizational behavior, organizational communication and organizational development.
    McGregor's Theory X states that workers inherently dislike and avoid work and must be driven to it, in contrast to Theory Y which states that work is natural and can be a source of satisfaction when aimed at higher order human psychological needs.
    One Theory Z was developed by Abraham H. Maslow in his paper "Theory Z" which was published in 1969 in the Journal of Transpersonal Psychology.
    The second one is the 3D Theory which was developed by W. J. Reddin in his book Managerial Effectiveness (1970).
    And the other is William Ouchi's so-called "Japanese Management" style which was explained in his book Theory Z: How American Business Can Meet the Japanese Challenge (1981); such style was popularized during the Asian economic boom of the 1980s.
    For Ouchi, Theory Z focused on increasing employee loyalty to the company by providing a job for life with a strong focus on the well-being of the employee, both on and off the job. According to Ouchi, Theory Z management tends to promote stable employment, high productivity, and high employee morale and satisfaction.
    Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory helps the manager to understand what motivates an employee. By understanding what needs must be met in order for an employee to achieve the highest-level of motivation, managers are then able to get the most out of production. Theory X, Y and Z all play a role in how a company should manage successfully. Theory X and Theory Y were both written by Douglas McGregor, a social psychologist who is believed to be a key element in the area of management theory. In McGregor's book The Human Side of Enterprise (1960), McGregor describes Theory X and Theory Y based upon Maslow's hierarchy of needs, where McGregor grouped the hierarchy into a lower order (Theory X) needs and a higher order (Theory Y) needs. McGregor suggested that management could use either set of needs to motivate employees, but better results could be gained by the use of Theory Y, rather than Theory X (Heil, Bennis, & Stephens, 2000).

whatsapp-btn

Do You Want Better RANK in Your Exam?

Start Your Preparations with Eduncle’s FREE Study Material

  • Updated Syllabus, Paper Pattern & Full Exam Details
  • Sample Theory of Most Important Topic
  • Model Test Paper with Detailed Solutions
  • Last 5 Years Question Papers & Answers

Sign Up to Download FREE Study Material Worth Rs. 500/-