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Nilanjan Bhowmick AIR 3, CSIR NET (Earth Science)
Rucha rajesh shingvekar
The AVC curve is a U-shaped curve because of the application of the Law of Variable Returns to Factor. As the quantity produced of a commodity increases, the average variable costs diminish, reach a minimum and then start to rise. For example, the variable cost of producing 80 haircuts is $400, so the average variable cost is $400/80, or $5 per haircut. Note that at any level of output, the average variable cost curve will always lie below the curve for average total cost, as shown in Figure. The average cost curve is u-shaped because costs reduce as you increase the output, up to a certain optimal point. From there, the costs begin rising as you increase the output. To understand why this happens, you need to know what the average cost is. In economics, there are two types of costs: variable and fixed.