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Nilanjan Bhowmick AIR 3, CSIR NET (Earth Science)
Amol ashok pawar
Heat is evolved during neutralization of an acid with alkali. The neutralization reaction of a strong acid with a strong base is essentially the combination of one equivalent of hydrogen ions with one equivalent of hydroxyl ions. Enthalpy of neutralization is the heat evolved when one gram equivalent of the acid is completely neutralized by a base in dilute solution. The chemical reaction is given below. H+ + OH– → H2O + 13.7 kcal H+(aq) + Cl–(aq) + Na+(aq) + OH–(aq) → Na+(aq) + Cl–(aq) + H2O + 13.7 kcal 13.7 kcal of heat is liberated out and is the heat of neutralization for all strong acids and bases. Hess in 1840 obtained a constant value of 13.7kcal as the heat of neutralization in almost all the cases of strong acids and strong bases. This constancy of heat of neutralization of a strong acid and strong bases is explained on the basis of ionic theory.