40 kcal of heat transferred from a hot body (100°c) to surroundings (27 c). change in entropy of universe is cal k1

solution....

for a system which is loosing heat Q1 will be negative and for surrounding which is taking it....i.e.Q2 will be positive

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Q1 is the heat that lost by hot body and Q1 is the heat that is gain by surrounding. that's why we take negative of Q1 in case of hot body (as it loss heat)and positive of Q1 in ca...

The hot reservoir has a loss of entropy ΔS1=−Q1/T1 because heat transfer occurs out of it (remember that when heat transfers out, then Q has a negative sign). The surrounding has a...