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Siddharth Srivastava posted an Question
November 10, 2020 • 19:56 pm 30 points
  • IIT JAM
  • Chemistry (CY)

Explain driving force and opposing force in reversible and irreversible process?

explain driving force and opposing force in reversible and irreversible process?

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    Dinesh khalmaniya 1 best-answer

    Driving and opposing forces: Each process is driven by some kind of 'force' (please do not understand 'force' in the traditional physical sense; it's more of 'reasoning, why something would want to do something'). For example, when having a saturated sodium chloride solution, the sodium and chloride ions that are still bound in their ion structure in the precipitate would like to dissolve, the driving force being the increase of global entropy by a greater disorder of the entire system. On the other hand, every process also has an opposing force, that attempts to force the process back into its original state. In the case of the saturated sodium chloride solution, the opposing force would probably be something along the lines of releasing water molecules out of a solvation shell, and thereby increasing local entropy. Finally, for an (essentially) irreversible process, like the reaction of hydrogen and chlorine to form hydrogen chloride gas: This is a radical chain reaction. For each reaction step (formation of chlorine radicals, homolytic cleavage of hydrogen by a chlorine radical to form hydrogen chloride and a hydrogen radical, homolytic cleavage of chlorine by a hydrogen radical to form hydrogen chloride and a chlorine radical, and finally radical recombination in whichever combination) there are of course driving and opposing forces. However, the driving force is usually much stronger than the opposing force. For example, while it is energetically favourable to cleave a chlorine molecule with a hydrogen radical to form hydrogen chloride and a chlorine radical, a chlorine radical would never attack hydrogen chloride to liberate a hydrogen radical as HCl is far more stable than either hydrogen or chlorine

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    got it?

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    yes sir

  • comment-profile-img>
    Priyanshu kumar

    A thermodynamically reversible process is one which takes place infinitesimally slowly in a large number of stages so that at every stage driving force is only infinitesimally greater than the opposing force and direction of the process at any stage can be reversed by an infinitesimal increase in opposing force. In an irreversible process driving and opposing forces differ by a finite amount and process proceeds in a definite direction, its direction cannot be reversed by very small changes of conditions.

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    check the difference 👆

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    simply:- Driving force is the one which is applied to shift the equilibrium towards the most favourable side and the force which is applied to oppose the above said condition.

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    hope you got this...please ask me if any doubt

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    sir any example of driving and opposing force ?

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    check

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    These force just acting oppositely

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    please mark the answer siddharth

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