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How potential energy of molecule is decided by intermolecular forces in kinetic theory of gases?
how potential energy of molecule is decided by intermolecular forces in kinetic theory of gases?
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Intermolecular potentials include Coulomb, hard-sphere, Lennard-Jones, and a variety of other spherical pair potentials. In addition there exist orientation-dependent potentials, three- and many-body potentials, and external potentials. Two molecules at small separation distances experience short-range interactions that are repulsive and related to valence overlap. At large separation distances the two molecules experience long-range interactions that are attractive and related to dispersion energies or London forces. Dispersion energies can be thought of as short-lived, time-dependent, distortions or fluctuations in the electron cloud of a molecular species that lead to a temporary dipole moment that results in attraction.