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Nilanjan Bhowmick AIR 3, CSIR NET (Earth Science)
- IIT JAM
- Geology (GG)
Kimberlites are important because
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Sajan sarthak Best Answer
1...Kimberlite occurs in the Earth's crust in vertical structures known as kimberlite pipes, as well as igneous dykes. Kimberlite also occurs as horizontal sills. Kimberlite pipes are the most important source of mined diamonds today. The consensus on kimberlites is that they are formed deep within the mantle. Formation occurs at depths between 150 and 450 kilometres (93 and 280 mi), potentially from anomalously enriched exotic mantle compositions, and they are erupted rapidly and violently, often with considerable carbon dioxide and other volatile components. It is this depth of melting and generation that makes kimberlites prone to hosting diamond xenocrysts. 2..Fenite is a metasomatic alteration associated particularly with carbonatite intrusions and created, very rarely, by advanced carbon dioxide alteration (carbonation) of felsic and mafic rocks. Fenite alteration is known, but restricted in distribution, around high-temperature metamorphic talc carbonates, generally in the form of an aureole around ultramafic rocks. Such examples include biotite-rich zones, amphibolite-calcite-scapolite alteration and other unusual skarn assemblages. The process is called fenitization.. figures are kimberlite xenolith and pipe
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