Please simplyfy the problem

on similar ground you can see for surface the function is rsquared n mapped on rpower n so n can be put as 1 or 2 or 3 so it will give you and surface it can be curved surface or f...

so your application in physics of mixed variable calculus can line integral ,for a curvature or just or simply just for getting length of the curves so try to visualise it through...

getting my point on graph if the point is 1,1 n 2,3 then 1 is mapped on 2 n next 1 is mapped on 3 respectively n then you are told to join the line and it turned out to be a curve ...

so for one thing here the first line is telling you the codomain n domain of the curves where f is function R can be its range which is mapped on R such that its graph become curve

calculus can be explained in simple language what you ask is about four curved surface is one so i can tell you one try the rest yourself first of all you must know domain and co d...

Well, putting a whole topic in simple words, here in one answer is not possible, but I can suggest you books which you can refer to study this topic in simple way. You may refer to...