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Nilanjan Bhowmick AIR 3, CSIR NET (Earth Science)
Isha lohan 1
This is a deeper physics concept. When light falls on atom, it absorbs its energy E=hv and starts oscillating like a dipole as it has charges. Now we know that an oscillating charge dipoles further radiates energy, so it again emits out the radiation (ideally without any loss, with same frequency), this is how an atom scatter light. Atmospheric polarization is a direct result of the Rayleigh scattering of sunlight by gas molecules in the atmosphere. Upon impact between a photon from the sun and a gas molecule, the electric field from the photon induces a vibration and subsequent re-radiation of polarized light from the molecule (illustrated in Figure attached). The radiated light is scattered at right angles to the direction of sunlight propagation, and is polarized either vertically or horizontally, depending upon the direction of scatter. A majority of the polarized light impacting the Earth is polarized horizontally (over 50 percent), a fact that can be confirmed by viewing the sky through a Polaroid filter. It's good that you find out this deeper in this topic, our prof told us that not many can think in this ques.