Q.32. the trace of the real 4 x 4 matrix u = exp(a), where 0 0 tt/4 0-tt/4 0 0 0 0 0 0 t/4 0 -7t/4 0 a= 0 [tifr mp 2011] 1s equal to

first find the eigen values of matrix M then use the diagonalisation equation i.e M=PDP(inverse).. were D is the diagonal matrix of eigen values of M then expM=P expD P(inverse) , ...