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Nilanjan Bhowmick AIR 3, CSIR NET (Earth Science)
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What do you mean by action spectrum ?
What do you mean by Action Spectrum ? Also what is an antibody isotype ?
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Narayan singh
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An action spectrum defines the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation most effective for photosynthesis. An action spectrum is a graph of the rate of biological effectiveness plotted against wavelength of light. ... It shows which wavelength of light is most effectively used in a specific chemical reaction. Some reactants are able to use specific wavelengths of light more effectively to complete their reactions. In immunology, the immunoglobulin (Ig) isotype (class) is encoded by the constant region segments of the immunoglobulin gene which form the Fc (Fragment crystallizable region) portion and the lower segment of the Fab (Fragment antigen-binding) portion of an antibody. Isotypes of Immunoglobulins IgG is the most abundant circulating antibody, making up 80% of the total antibodies and 75% of that found in serum. IgG provides the majority of antibody-based immunity against pathogens. IgG can be split into 4 sub-isotypes, each with its own effector function. IgA is a dimeric antibody present in mucosal secretions in the respiratory, gastrointestinal and urogenital tracts, in saliva, tears, sweat, milk as well as in serum. IgA protects mucosal surfaces by neutralizing bacterial toxins and inhibiting adhesion to epithelial cells. IgA can be split into 2 sub-isotypes. IgM is the largest antibody, with five Y structures being joined by their Fc regions in a circular configuration. IgM is expressed on the surface of B cells and present in serum, making up about 10 % of antibodies in the blood. IgD is monovalent and found on the surface of B-lymphocytes and together with monomeric IgM, serves as antigen receptor for the activation of B cells. IgE is a monomeric antibody that accounts for only 0.002 % of the total serum antibodies. IgE is bound to tissue cells, especially mast cells and associated with allergic reactions.
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Anup Padwal![best-answer]()
Action spectrum: a graph of the rate of biological effectiveness plotted against wavelength of light. Antibody isotope: It is a site on antigen where the antibody binds.